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Why 'machine' and 'hierarchy' trip people up: CH, SH or K?

Dylan Nelson

English coach for designers1 min read + 5 min practice

The problem

A lot of Spanish speakers say "ma-CHine" or "hierar-CHy". People still understand you, but it pulls attention away from your idea for a second. In Spanish, "ch" always sounds the same. In English, it has three sounds, and the spelling doesn't tell you which one. The good news: you don't need to memorize a list. Where the word comes from usually tells you the sound.

The rule

  • CH /tʃ/: most words. sketch, approach, chart, launch
  • SH /ʃ/: newer words from French. machine, niche, cache, brochure
  • K /k/: words from Greek. hierarchy, schema, archive, character

So when a word looks technical or academic, try K first. When it looks a bit French, try SH.

Practice

Four short rounds, about 5 minutes. Say each word out loud, then pick the sound you used. Tap a sound card at the top if you want to hear it first. Be honest with yourself in the last round. A slip you notice is a slip you can fix.

Activity5 minOpen full screen

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Dylan Nelson
Dylan Nelson

I'm a product designer and English coach based in Madrid. I help designers explain their work clearly in English, in meetings, critiques and interviews.

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